Hvem giftet seg med Muhammed?

Muhammed, Muhammed ibn Abdullah eller Muhammed ibn Abd Allah, (født ca. 570, død 8. juni 632 i Medina) var en politisk og religiøs leder. Han anses som grunnleggeren av islam. Han regnes av muslimer og i Bahai som profet. Koranen inneholder åpenbaringene Muhammed mottok som Allahs profet fra ca. 610 til han døde. Muhammed var ved sin død statsleder for den vestlige delen av Den arabiske halvøya.

Navnet, som på arabisk skrives محمد, kan med latinske bokstaver også skrives Muhammad, Mohammad, Mohammed og Mahomet. Ordet er arabisk og betyr «den høylovede».

Muhammed nevnes i den muslimske trosbekjennelsen: «Det finnes ingen gud utenom Gud, og Muhammed er hans sendebud». En troende muslim vil si «Fred være med ham» hver gang han/hun nevner Muhammeds navn. I skrift uttrykkes dette ved å skrive (fvmh) etter navnet.

Khadija bint Khuwaylid (Arabic: خَدِيجَة بِنْت خُوَيْلِد) (c. 554 – November 619) was the first wife of Muhammad. Born into an aristocratic clan of the Quraysh, she was an affluent merchant in her own right and was known to have a noble personality within her tribe. She employed Muhammad to manage a trade caravan to Syria and, impressed by his skills, subsequently offered him marriage, which he accepted.

The couple had two sons, Qasim and Abd Allah, and four daughters, Zaynab, Ruqayya, Umm Kulthum and Fatima. In the aftermath of Muhammad's first revelation, Khadija is credited to have been the first convert to Islam. She continued to support her husband throughout her life and died in November 619 (Ramadan BH 3); the year was reportedly termed the "Year of Sorrow" by Muhammad. Her remains are located at the al-Mu'alla in Mecca and attract many Muslims for ziyarat.

Honored by Muslims as one of the "Mother of the Believers", Khadija is considered as one of the four "ladies of heaven" alongside Fatima, Asiya, the wife of the Pharaoh, and Mary, mother of Jesus. According to Sunni Muslim tradition, Khadija had married thrice before Muhammad.

Sawda bint Zam'a (Arabic: سودة بنت زمعة) was the second wife of Muhammad and regarded as "Umm-ul-Mu'mineen" (Arabic: أمّ المؤمنين, romanized: ʾumm al-muʾminīn), "Mother of the Believers".

Aisha bint Abu Bakr (613/614–678) var den yngste konen til profeten Muhammed. Han giftet seg med henne etter at den første konen, Khadija, døde. Ifølge flere hadith skal Aisha ha blitt gift med profeten da hun var 6 år, og ekteskapet skal ha blitt fullbyrdet da hun var 9 år. Profeten var på det tidspunktet 53 år. Hun var hans yndlingskone.

Aishas unge alder har i nyere tid vært et stridsspørsmål. Enkelte islamtroende bestrider kildene som sier at hun var 6 år ved ekteskapsinngåelsen. Andre vektlegger den kjensgjerning at ekteskapet først ble fullbyrdet etter at puberteten hadde inntruffet, og at Aisha dermed var som en voksen å regne etter datidens normer. Ekteskapet ville i dag regnes som et barneekteskap. Aldersforskjellen var mer enn 40 år, og Aishas alder da profeten døde i 632 var 16 eller 17 år.

Aisha tilbrakte resten av sitt liv som en barnløs enke, da Koranen forbød muslimene å gifte seg med profetens koner.

Aisha blir ofte regnet som et forbilde for muslimske kvinner, og i islamske skrifter er hun ofte referert ved tittelen «De troendes Mor» (arabisk: أمّ المؤمنين umm-al-mu'minīn). Hun regnes også som en av de viktigste kildene til kunnskap om Muhammed og islam. Aisha hjalp til i slaget ved Badr, slaget ved Uhud og slaget ved Grøften. Hun var politisk aktiv og støttet de valgte khalifene, og sørget sårt da khalifen Uthman ble myrdet.

Zaynab bint Khuzayma (Arabic: زينب بنت خزيمة) (c. 596 – 625), also known as Umm al-Masākīn (Arabic: أم المساكين, "Mother of the Poor"), was the fifth wife of Muhammad. As a result of her early death, less is known about her than about his other wives.

Hafsa bint Umar (Arabic: حفصة بنت عمر, romanized: Ḥafṣa bint ʿUmar; c. 605–665) was the fourth wife of Muhammad and a daughter of the second caliph Umar (r. 634–644). In Islamic writings, her name is thus often prefixed by the title "Mother of the Believers" (Arabic: أمّ المؤمنين, romanized: ʾumm al-muʾminīn).

Zaynab bint Jaḥsh (Arabic: زينب بنت جحش; c. 590–641) was the first cousin and the seventh wife of Muhammad and therefore, considered by Muslims to be a Mother of the Believers.

Juwayriya bint al-Harith (Arabic: جويرية بنت الحارث, romanized: Juwayriyyah bint al-Ḥārith; c. 608–676) was the eighth wife of Muhammad and so, considered to be a Mother of the Believers. She was from the Banu Mustaliq clan, and her father al-Harith was the chief of the clan.

Ramla bint Abi Sufyan ibn Harb (Arabic: رَمْلَة بِنْت أَبِي سُفْيَان ٱبْن حَرْب, romanized: Ramla bint Abī Sufyān ibn Ḥarb; c. 589 or 594–665), commonly known by her kunya Umm Habiba (Arabic: أُمُّ حَبِيبَة, romanized: Umm Ḥabība), was a wife of Muhammad.

Maymuna bint al-Harith al-Hilaliyya (Arabic: مَيْمُونَة ٱبْنَت ٱلْحَارِث ٱلْهِلَالِيَّة, romanized: Maymūna bint al-Ḥārith al-Hilālīyya; c. 594–671), was the eleventh and final wife of Muhammad. Her original name was Barra (Arabic: بَرَّة), which she changed to Maymuna—meaning "good tidings"—upon converting to Islam and marrying him, as his marriage to her marked the first time in seven years when he could enter his hometown of Mecca from Medina.

Hind bint Abi Umayya (Arabic: هِنْد ابِنْت أَبِي أُمَيَّة, Hind ʾibnat ʾAbī ʾUmayya, c. 580 or 596 – 680 or 683), better known as Umm Salama (Arabic: أُمّ سَلَمَة) or Hind al-Makhzūmiyya (Arabic: هِنْد ٱلْمَخْزُومِيَّة) was the sixth wife of Muhammad.

"Umm Salama" was her kunya meaning, "mother of Salama". She was one of the most influential female companions of Muhammad. She is recognized largely for recalling numerous Hadiths, or sayings and narrations attributed to Muhammad. Twelver Shia Muslims believe that Umm Salama was Muhammad's most important wife after Khadija.

Raihana bint Zaid ibn Amr, ريحانة بنت زيد بن عمرو / Raiḥāna bint Zaid b. ʿAmr, († 631 (im Jahr 10, nach der islamischen Zeitrechnung)) war Sklavin und – nach manchen Quellen – später eine Ehefrau Mohammeds.

Safiyya bint Huyayy (c. 610/614 – 664/672) was the tenth wife of Muhammad. Born in Yathrib to the Banu Nadir, one of the Jewish tribes of Arabia, Safiyya's father Huyayy ibn Akhtab and husband Kinana ibn al-Rabi were killed at the Battle of Khaybar in 628, after which she was taken captive by the early Muslims and subsequently married to the Muhammad. Like other wives of Muhammad, she is known to Muslims as a "Mother of the Believers" and is buried at the al-Baqi cemetery in Medina.

Maria la Copte (arabe : مَارِيَّة ٱلْقِبْطِيَّة, Māriyyah al-Qībtīyyāh) (morte en 637) est une esclave chrétienne égyptienne d’ethnie copte (chrétienne) capturée envoyée par Al-Muqawqis, aussi nommé Mouquauquès au prophète Mahomet pour devenir sa concubine et de leur relation naît Ibrahim.

Maria la Copte a marqué la mémoire musulmane et est citée tant sur les questions de genre que sur celle des relations avec les chrétiens. Présente dans les sources écrites à partir du IX^e siècle, elle est considérée, par la recherche islamologique, comme une figure littéraire, probablement fictionnelle.^{[réf. souhaitée]}